Everything about John Hemphill Politician totally explained
John Hemphill (
December 18,
1803 –
January 3,
1862) was
Chief Justice of the
Texas Supreme Court, a
United States Senator, and a veteran of wars with
Native Americans.
Hemphill's father, Rev. John Hemphill, emigrated to the United States from
County Tyrone,
Ireland, his mother, Jane Lind, was a native of
Pennsylvania. Hemphill was born in
South Carolina and educated at
Jefferson College, graduating in
1825. Admitted to the bar in
South Carolina in
1829, he eventually moved his practice to
Texas in
1838.
Hemphill served as Chief Justice of the Texas Supreme Court for eighteen years while Texas was an
independent republic and in the period of statehood before the
Civil War. He was called the '
John Marshall' of Texas for the role he played in the development of Texan law. He was also famous for having fought with Native American warriors who attacked him in his courtroom while court was in session. He was considered an expert on
Spanish and
Mexican law, and is remembered for expanding
women's rights and supporting
homestead rights. Hemphill replaced
Sam Houston as United States Senator from Texas when Houston didn't support the right of states to secede from the
United States.
As Texas was one of the first seven states to secede, Hemphill was among fourteen United States Senators expelled by resolution in
1861. He was subsequently chosen as a Texas delegate to the
Provisional Confederate Congress, a position he held until his death in
Richmond, Virginia.
Hemphill County, Texas, and
Hemphill, Texas, are both named in his honor.
John Hemphill was a cousin of
Charles Hare Hemphill, Lord Hemphill through his father the
Rev. John Hemphill.
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